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who said sanskritization is anticipatory socialization ?

### Who Said Sanskritization Is Anticipatory Socialization?

In the world of sociology, understanding social phenomena such as mobility within societal structures, norms, and values acquisition is crucial. Two key concepts that intersect in this discussion are **Sanskritization** and **Anticipatory Socialization**. This blog post aims to shed light on who pointed out the connection between Sanskritization and Anticipatory Socialization, illustrating how these theories elucidate social behaviors and transitions.

#### Definition of Sanskritization

Sanskritization, coined by Indian sociologist **M. N. Srinivas** in the 1950s, refers to the process by which lower castes or tribes emulate the rituals, practices, and ultimately, the status of higher castes in a societal hierarchy. This phenomenon is akin to the sociological concept of ‘passing,’ where individuals adopt behaviors and norms of a higher social status to achieve upward mobility.

#### Definition of Anticipatory Socialization

Anticipatory socialization is the process by which individuals prepare for future roles and statuses by adopting and internalizing their behaviors and values in anticipation of a future role. This concept was formally introduced by American sociologist **Robert K. Merton** in 1949 through his influential study of the U.S. military. The research highlighted that privates who emulated the attitudes and behaviors of officers were more likely to be promoted.

#### The Connection: Sanskritization as a Form of Anticipatory Socialization

The term “anticipatory socialization” was brought forth to describe the proactive behaviors individuals undertake to align themselves with the norms and values of a prospective group or status. M. N. Srinivas utilized this framework to analyze how lower castes anticipate the roles and statuses of upper castes and adopt their behavioral patterns.

In essence, Sanskritization is a form of anticipatory socialization in the Indian context, where members of lower castes anticipate a place in a higher social stratum by mimicking the behaviors and practices associated with that status. This form of socialization underscores the human tendency to prepare for and adapt to future social roles, aligning with their aspirations and socio-economic goals.

#### Implications of the Connection

By framing Sanskritization within the broader concept of anticipatory socialization, we can better understand the dynamic processes of social stratification and mobility. It illustrates how cultural practices can be deliberately adopted to achieve desired social outcomes, highlighting the active role individuals play in shaping their social identities and positions.

In conclusion, while Robert K. Merton introduced the term “anticipatory socialization,” it was M. N. Srinivas who applied this concept to the specific context of caste dynamics in India. By doing so, he provided deeper insights into the mechanisms of social mobility and the proactive behaviors that facilitate it. This blend of concepts enriches our understanding of both sociological processes and social change.

#### References:

– Srinivas, M. N. (1952). **Social Change in India: Essays Presented to Professor G. S. Ghurye**. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
– Merton, R. K., Folley, L. B., & Stouffer, S. A. (1949). **The American Soldier: Adjustment during Army Life**. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
– Merton, R. K. (1968). **Social Theory and Social Structure**. New York: Free Press.

Understanding the nuances of Sanskritization as anticipatory socialization illuminates the complexity of social behaviors and the multifaceted processes of social stratification and mobility within societies.