what happened to archie battersbee ?

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What happened to Archie Battersbee? | The Sun
ARCHIE BATTERSBEE has died in hospital after his life support machine was switched off, following a long-running legal battle. Archie’s mum Hollie confirmed that the 12-year-old had passed…

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https://www.entertainmentdaily.co.uk › news › archie-battersbee-what-happened-cause-of-death
What happened to Archie Battersbee? Cause of death revealed
A coroner has revealed what happened to Archie Battersbee following his death last week (August 6). Archie’s heartbroken mum Hollie Dance – who previously appeared on This Morning – revealed…

https://www.mirror.co.uk › news › uk-news › what-happened-archie-battersbee–27977745

https://www.mirror.co.uk › news › uk-news › what-happened-archie-battersbee–27977745
What happened to Archie Battersbee – and what was his cause of death …
Archie Battersbee was hospitalised after it is believed he attempted a dangerous TikTok challenge that left him in a coma. Over a month after his tragic death, his funeral is happening today…

https://www.goodto.com › family › family-news › what-happened-to-archie-battersbee-coma-explained

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What happened to Archie Battersbee? His injury, coma and … – GoodTo
It believes that Archie’s condition is unstable and that transferring him even a short distance involves significant risk. On 6 August 2022, Archie Battersbee died in hospital at 12.15 BST after his life support was withdrawn. Speaking outside the hospital where he died, Archie’s mother, Hollie Dance, said she was ‘the proudest mum in the world’.

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What happened to Archie Battersbee? | The US Sun
ARCHIE BATTERSBEE has died in hospital after his life support machine was switched off, following a long-running legal battle. Archie’s mum Hollie confirmed that the 12-year-old had passed away at 12.15pm, on August 6, 2022. 1 Archie Battersbee’s parents have lost a last-ditch appeal to keep his life support on Credit: PA

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What happened to Archie Battersbee? – Birmingham Live
What happened to Archie? Archie suffered brain damage in an incident at home in early April. Ms Dance told how she found him unconscious with a ligature over his head on April 7 and thinks he…

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Archie Battersbee: A timeline of events | ITV News
Archie Battersbee has died in hospital after weeks of legal battles. The 12-year-old had been in a coma since he was found unconscious by his mother Hollie Dance in April. ITV News looks back…

https://www.londonworld.com › news › archie-battersbee-dies-in-hospital-what-happened-to-him-when-did-he-die-how-did-mum-hollie-dance-respond-3726606

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Archie Battersbee: What caused his brain damage? | LondonWorld
6th Aug 2022, 2:59pm. Twelve year-old Archie Battersbee passed away in the Royal London Hospital at 12.15pm on Saturday August 6, 2022. Archie’s mother, Hollie Dance, confirmed her son had passed away when she addressed the media outside the hospital in Whitechapel on Saturday afternoon.

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Archie Battersbee what happened: Here’s everything you need to know
Archie Battersbee what happened: Archie Battersbee died in hospital after weeks of legal battles. On 7 April 2022, Archie was found unconscious by his mother, Hollie Dance, with a ligature over his head; she later stated that she believes he was taking part in a dangerous online TikTok dare known as the blackout challenge.

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What is a ligature? Definition explained as Archie Battersbee life …
What happened to Archie Battersbee? The 12-year-old was hospitalized after taking part in a dangerous TikTok trend titled the Blackout Challenge. Battersbee was found unconscious with a…

Hollie Dance and Paul Battersbee -v- Barts Health NHS Trust and another
Court High Court of Justice (Family Division)
Decided 1 August 2022 (Court of Appeal)
Citation(s) Hollie Dance and Paul Battersbee -v- Barts Health NHS Trust and another. Her Majesty’s Courts and Tribunals Service. 2 August 2022.
Court membership
Judge(s) sitting Sir Andrew Mcfarlane, President of the Family Division, Lady Justice King and Lord Justice Moylan
Archie Battersbee, a British boy, was the subject of several court hearings between April and August 2022, regarding whether or not to withdraw his life support, after he was found unconscious and subsequently considered to have suffered brainstem death. The courts ruled in favour of Barts Health NHS Trust, and against his parents, and allowed his life support to be withdrawn.
Contents
1 Incident
2 Legal cases
3 Inquest
4 Timeline
4.1 April 2022
4.2 May 2022
4.3 June 2022
4.4 July 2022
4.5 August 2022
4.6 September 2022
5 Summary of judgments
6 Third party involvement and media analysis
6.1 Christian Legal Centre
6.2 MP’s letter for treatment abroad
6.3 GoFundMe page
7 Family campaigns
8 See also
9 References
Incident[edit]
Archie Battersbee. Photo released by AP via Hollie Dance.
On 7 April 2022, a 12-year-old boy, Archie Battersbee,[1] from Southend, Essex, England, was found unconscious by his mother, Hollie Dance, allegedly with a dressing gown cord around his neck. Ms Dance, allegedly, then performed CPR, and called for an ambulance.[2] The paramedics who attended found that Archie Battersbee had suffered a cardiac arrest and his Glasgow Coma Scale score was three, the lowest possible, indicating no eye-opening, verbal or motor response.[3] CPR was continued and he was taken to Southend University Hospital.[3] On arrival at the hospital, he had no pulse, before regaining spontaneous circulation around 40 minutes after his mother had, allegedly, found him unconscious.[2] It was believed that Archie sustained brain damage during this cardiac arrest, due to a lack of oxygen and blood supply to the brain, and for a sustained period.[2] He was transferred the next day to the Royal London Hospital.[2]
Ms Dance stated that she believed Archie was taking part in a dangerous TikTok phenomenon known as the blackout challenge.[4][5][6] This claim of a link to TikTok was broadcast on ITV’s This Morning, but ITV subsequently apologised, claiming there was no evidence that Archie viewed this particular challenge via TikTok and also noting that TikTok do [endeavor to] act to remove dangerous content.[7]
Legal cases[edit]
Archie’s parents had refused permission for the hospital to perform brainstem testing on Archie. On 26 April, the Barts Health NHS Trust made two applications to the High Court of Justice: one for a Specific Issue Order, under section 8 of the Children Act 1989, that it was lawful for Archie to undergo brainstem testing, in accordance with the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges’ 2008 Code of Practice for the Diagnosis and Confirmation of Death, to establish whether Archie was brainstem dead. The other application, should the first fail, was for the Court to consider whether it was in Archie’s ‘best interests’ to continue receiving ventilation assistance. Both requests were opposed by the parents, who had the support of the Christian Legal Centre. A further party introduced to proceedings was Archie himself, represented by a guardian appointed by the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (CAFCASS).[2] Subsequent appeals made by the family were heard by the Court of Appeal,[2] and finally by the Supreme Court.[8]
The NHS Trust argued that Archie’s treatment should discontinue as he was considered ‘brainstem dead’, and thus had no hope of recovery. Archie’s parents had argued that he needed more time to heal, and that Archie’s own religious beliefs should be taken into account, his mother saying that it is for God to decide what should happen to Archie, including if, when and how he should die.[9] Archie’s family also requested the interventions of the United Nations’ Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which appeared to have no jurisdiction over the case, as well as the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), which subsequently declined to hear the case.[2]
The English courts, noting that the Children Act 1989 requires decisions at all stages of a case to be made with the child’s welfare being of paramount importance,[10] repeatedly ruled that Archie’s treatment should end, and all appeals made by the family against the courts’ rulings – with the exception of one legal point; that Archie was not already legally ‘dead’ – were denied.[2] His life-supporting equipment, including mechanical ventilation, was finally withdrawn on 6 August 2022 and Archie was pronounced dead shortly afterwards at 12:15 BST.[11]
Inquest[edit]
On 12 August 2022 at Essex Coroner’s Court, the inquest was opened into Archie’s death. It was confirmed that the cause of death was catastrophic hypoxic ischemic brain injury, secondary to strangulation.[12] The court heard that Archie had sustained the brain injury whilst at home.[3] A full inquest was scheduled for 7 February 2023.[3]
Timeline[edit]
April 2022[edit]
7 April – Archie was found unconscious at home and subsequently taken to Southend University Hospital.[9]
8 April – Archie was transferred from Southend University Hospital to The Royal London Hospital, where he remained until his death.[9]
26 April – The NHS Trust began High Court proceedings to allow them to perform brainstem testing on Archie, due to his parents having refused consent.[2][9]
28 April – High Court directions hearing: Archie joined as a party to the case and a guardian was appointed to represent him. A Reporting Restriction Order (RRO) was granted, prohibiting any of the parties in the case from being identified.[2]
May 2022[edit]
4 May – High Court directions hearing: Reporting Restriction Order (RRO) was granted, prohibiting professionals and parties involved in the case from being identified outside of the courtroom.[2]
13 May – Public High Court hearing: Mrs Justice Arbuthnot ruled that brainstem tests should be carried out; reporting restrictions continue to apply in relation to the medical staff involved in the case.[2][9]
16 May – Archie ‘did not respond to peripheral nerve stimulation tests’, a precursor to brainstem tests’.[9]
25 May – A hearing was held to decide whether MRI scans should be performed. Archie’s parents objected to this request on the basis that moving him could harm him.[9]
27 May – The court approved the undertaking of MRI scans, which took place on 31 May.[9]
31 May – After multiple MRI scans, Archie was declared to be suffering from brainstem death.[9]
June 2022[edit]
6–8 June – A 3-day hearing was held to decide whether Archie’s life-support mechanisms should be continued.[9]
13 June – The High Court ruled that, based on evidence from the MRI scan results, Archie should be considered ‘dead’ and that treatment could be withdrawn.[9]
20 June – The Court of Appeal received an appeal from Archie’s family requesting that they reconsider the case.[9]
29 June – The Court of Appeal ruled that a new hearing should take place to determine Archie’s ‘best interests’.[9]
July 2022[edit]
11 July – A new hearing took place in the High Court, before Mr Justice Hayden.[9]
15 July – It was ruled that Archie’s life-support treatment should end, with Mr Justice Hayden stating that a continuation of this would be futile.[9]
25 July – The most recent High Court ruling was endorsed by three Court of Appeal judges.[9]
27 July – Archie’s father, Paul Battersbee, was admitted to hospital following a suspected heart attack or stroke. His condition was said to be stable.[13]
28 July – The Supreme Court supported the Court of Appeal’s ruling, and ruled out any interventions in the case.[9] Paul Battersbee was released from hospital.[14]
29 July – The family made an application to the United Nations’ Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD).[9]
30 July – UNCRPD requested a delay to the withdrawal of Archie’s life-support treatment to allow time for it to consider the case.[9]
August 2022[edit]
1 August – The Court of Appeal (Sir Andrew McFarlane, Lady Justice King and Lord Justice Moylan) ruled that withdrawal of life support should not be postponed beyond 12:00 BST on 2 August; the UNCRPD request was dismissed as ‘non-binding’.[15]
2 August – Shortly after 12:00 BST, the family submitted an urgent appeal to the Supreme Court. The Court confirmed receipt of the application and stated that three justices would consider the application.[6] The appeal was ultimately rejected the same day by the Court, with a heavy heart.[8][16][17]
3 August – The family announced that they would submit an application to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), and were given until 09:00 BST to prepare their case, with the Trust saying that treatment would stop at 11:00 BST should the application not be made in time.[18] The Christian Legal Centre submitted the application on time on the family’s behalf.[8] This application was turned down by the ECHR, stating that they would not interfere with the UK Court’s rulings.[18]
4 August – After exhausting all ‘legal avenues’ of appeal, the family sought legal permission to move Archie to a hospice, despite doctors declaring this a significantly risky operation with a high chance of Archie’s condition deteriorating, even in a short journey by ambulance, and with full intensive care equipment and staff on board. No changes were to be made to his care whilst legal processes were ongoing, the Trust said.[19]
5 August – The High Court ruled that Archie must not be moved to a hospice and instead must spend his final days at the hospital. Hollie Dance claimed that the hospital would withdraw treatment the next day, and that all ‘legal avenues’ to continue treatment had been exhausted.[20]
6 August – Archie’s life-support apparatus was withdrawn and soon after he was pronounced dead.[21]
7 August – Archie’s family called for a public inquiry into the actions of the NHS and the High Court’s Family Division, and requested changes to their procedures.[22]
12 August – The formal inquest into Archie’s death was opened at Essex Coroner’s Court.[23]
September 2022[edit]
13 September – Archie’s funeral is held in Prittlewell, Southend.[24]
Summary of judgments[edit]
Court Judge(s) Judgment Date
High (Family) Mrs Justice Arbuthnot Brainstem test should take place. 13 May[25]
High (Family) Mrs Justice Arbuthnot Archie is declared ‘brainstem dead’, and deemed to have died at noon on 31 May 2022; withdrawal of treatment ordered. 13 June[26]
Appeal (Civil)
Sir Geoffrey Vos (MR)
Sir Andrew McFarlane (PFD)
Lady Justice King
Appeal succeeds on one count and Archie no longer deemed ‘brainstem dead’; direction to return case to High Court to determine ‘best interest’. 6 July[27]
High (Family) Mr Justice Hayden Treatment is futile. 15 July[28]
Appeal (Civil)
Sir Andrew McFarlane (PFD)
Lady Justice King
Lord Justice Peter Jackson
Appeal is refused, treatment can end. 25 July[29]
Appeal (Civil)
Sir Andrew McFarlane (PFD)
Lady Justice King
Lord Justice Moylan
UN Convention is not law. Stay against best interests. 1 August[30]
Supreme
Lord Hodge
Lord Kitchin
Lord Stephens of Creevyloughgare
Appeal is refused, treatment can end. 2 August[17]
ECHR Complaints inadmissible. 3 August[31]
High (Family) Mrs Justice Theis Permission to move Battersbee to a hospice refused 5 August[32]
Third party involvement and media analysis[edit]
Christian Legal Centre[edit]
Christian Legal Centre logo
Lawyers from the Christian Legal Centre, a group that is opposed to abortion and LGBT rights, represented Archie’s family in the case.[33][34] In some court hearings, the family was represented by CLC consultant Pavel Stroilov. During his work on the Alfie Evans case, a judge described Stroilov as a fanatical and deluded young man whose malign hand was inconsistent with the real interests of the parents’ case.[33][34][35]
Neena Modi, professor of neonatal medicine at Imperial College London, raised concerns over exploitation with openDemocracy and said that the Christian Legal Centre preys upon [families like Archie’s] when they are absolutely at their most vulnerable.[33] Professor Modi added that:
These third parties coming in are behaving appallingly, reprehensibly, unethically, and very damagingly. They add to the grief and distress of families because they try and break down the trust that should exist between the medical team and the family – and which usually does exist.[33]
In August 2022, The Guardian ran analysis on how third parties can further complicate tragic life support cases in the context of the Archie Battersbee case. Legal affairs correspondent, Haroon Siddique, noted that: recent years have brought increasing intervention by religious groups purporting to support parents but who have also been accused of inflaming tensions.[35] Siddique’s analysis concluded that The involvement of such third-party ideologues presents a significant obstacle to the laudable aim of resolving such sensitive cases in a less adversarial manner.[35]
MP’s letter for treatment abroad[edit]
During court proceedings, a judge was told that James Duddridge, MP for the family’s constituency, had written on their behalf to the Royal London Hospital on August 3.[36] The letter lobbied for treatment abroad despite there being no detail as to what is actually sought and where.[36] A consultant paediatric neurologist told the court (via a written statement) that they were unaware of any treatment that could reverse the condition of Battersbee’s brain. Duddridge has not confirmed if he is the author of the letter.[33]
Speaking via the Science Media Centre, Professor Dominic Wilkinson, Professor of Medical Ethics and Consultant Neonatologist, University of Oxford stated that there are no treatments in Japan or Italy or anywhere else that offer any prospect of helping Archie adding that:[37]
All the treatments overseas would do, would be to keep his physical body alive, while offering no possibility of him recovering. That is something the UK courts have carefully considered already and ruled out on the basis that this would be harmful to Archie, and not in his best interests.[37]
GoFundMe page[edit]
In June 2022, Conservative MP for Southend West Anna Firth asked her Twitter followers to donate to a GoFundMe page connected to the case in a tweet that read, The whole House is behind Archie and his family.[33] Firth had also donated to the fundraiser.[38] The fundraiser was launched by a Southend resident, although an update on the page stated that administrative control was given to Archie’s sister-in-law. The fundraiser made clear that funds would be used for anything needed by the family and did not rule out donations to third parties.[33]
On August 11, 2022, a statement from Christian Legal Centre’s director, Andrea Minichiello Williams, stated that:
All the support of Christian Concern and the Christian Legal Centre has been given free of charge. None of the gofundme donations have been or will be given to us.
Nevertheless, there have been significant charges for external solicitors, counsel and medical experts. Some lawyers have worked wholly or partly pro bono, but not all of them. There were also court fees to pay. The crowdfunded donations have contributed towards those costs; the rest will be funded by Christian Concern.
A case like this could easily costs hundreds of thousands of pounds. The family, Christian Concern and the Christian Legal Centre have in no way made money from this legal case. Nor have we received major funding from external groups or donors.[excessive quote][39]
Family campaigns[edit]
In August 2022, Hollie Dance called for unspecified legal changes and a public inquiry in the aftermath of her son’s death.[40] Ms Dance also sought a meeting with UK Health Secretary, Steve Barclay, to discuss the perceived implications of the case. The content of her letter was released by Christian Concern.[41]
See also[edit]
Charlie Gard case – cited in the 13 June and 1 August decisions
References[edit]
^ Baynes, Megan (7 August 2022). Archie Battersbee, 12, dies after life support is turned off. Sky News. Retrieved 14 August 2022.
^
a b c d e f g h i j k l In The High Court Of Justice Family Division (PDF). Courts and Tribunals Judiciary. 13 June 2022. d (PDF) from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
^
a b c d Archie Battersbee’s death ‘a tragedy’, inquest hears. ITV News. 12 August 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
^ Fight for Archie’s life ‘at final stage’, says mum, as Supreme Court bid lodged. ITV News. 2 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee: the laws of life and death. The Week. 11 August 2022. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
^
a b Supreme Court to consider Archie Battersbee’s treatment as parents’ battle continues. National World. 2 August 2022. d from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
^ Christian, Sophie (10 June 2022). ITV’s This Morning forced to apologise after claiming Archie Battersbee is on life-support due to TikTok challenge. EssexLive. d from the original on 10 June 2022.
^
a b c Archie Battersbee: Family loses appeal to Supreme Court. BBC News. 2 August 2022. d from the original on 2 August 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
^
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Archie Battersbee: How did life support battle end up in court?. BBC News. 29 July 2022. d from the original on 2 August 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
^ Hollie Dance and Paul Battersbee -v- Barts Health NHS Trust and another. Courts and Tribunals Judiciary. d from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee ‘fought until the end’, says mum after son dies. BBC News. 6 August 2022. d from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee: Inquest opens into death of Southend 12-year-old. BBC News. 12 August 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee’s dad admitted to hospital. BBC News. 26 July 2022. d from the original on 2 August 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee’s father released from hospital after being taken ill. BBC News. 27 July 2022. d from the original on 2 August 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee: Judges reject allowing more time for UN to consider case. BBC News. 1 August 2022. d from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
^ Siddique, Haroon (2 August 2022). Archie Battersbee: parents fail to stop planned withdrawal of life support treatment. The Guardian. d from the original on 2 August 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
^
a b Dance & Battersbee v Barts Health NHS Trust – Permission to Appeal decision – The Supreme Court. The Supreme Court. d from the original on 2 August 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
^
a b Archie Battersbee: European Court of Human Rights turns down parents’ case. BBC News. 3 August 2022. d from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee: Family seek permission for hospice move. BBC News. 4 August 2022. d from the original on 4 August 2022. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee: Family devastated as legal routes exhausted. BBC News. 6 August 2022. d from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee dies following legal battle. BBC News. 6 August 2022. d from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee: No parent must go through this again – family. BBC News. BBC News. 7 August 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee: Inquest opens into death of Southend 12-year-old. BBC News. 12 August 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee: Family gathers for Southend funeral. BBC News. 13 September 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
^ Barts Health NHS Trust v Dance. British and Irish Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
^ Barts Health NHS Trust -v- Dance & Battersbee (2). Courts and Tribunals Judiciary. d from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
^ Dance & Battersbee -v- Barts Health NHS Trust and Another. Courts and Tribunals Judiciary. d from the original on 9 July 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
^ Barts Health NHS Trust -v- Battersbee. Courts and Tribunals Judiciary. d from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
^ Hollie Dance and Paul Battersbee -v- Barts Health NHS Trust and another (Court of Appeal Civil Division judgment). Courts and Tribunals Judiciary. d from the original on 27 July 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
^ Dance & Anor v Barts Health NHS Trust & Anor (Re Archie Battersbee). British and Irish Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
^ Request for interim measures refused in case concerning the withdrawal of life sustaining treatment. European Court of Human Rights. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
^ Barts Health NHS Trust -v- Holly Dance and others. www.judiciary.uk. 5 August 2022. d (PDF) from the original on 13 August 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
^
a b c d e f g Christian lawyers accused of ‘preying on’ Archie’s family. openDemocracy. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
^
a b Duffy, Nick (26 April 2018). Anti-LGBT fundamentalist group ‘hijacked’ the tragic case of Alfie Evans. PinkNews. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
^
a b c Archie Battersbee: how third parties can further complicate tragic life support cases. The Guardian. 1 August 2022. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
^
a b Barts Health NHS Trust -v- Holly Dance and others. www.judiciary.uk. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
^
a b Expert reaction to the latest in the Archie Battersbee case. Science Media Centre. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
^ Southend MP visits Archie in hospital ahead of ruling on life-support treatment. Echo. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
^ Top 12 myths of Archie Battersbee’s case. Christian Concern. 11 August 2022. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
^ Archie Battersbee’s mother calls for public inquiry and change in law. The Independent. 19 August 2022. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
^ Robertson, Kirsten (20 August 2022). Archie’s mum ‘fears online craze which put son in coma ‘has killed 82 children’. Metro. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
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