what did the 1987 montreal protocol achieve ?

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https://www.state.gov › key-topics-office-of-environmental-quality-and-transboundary-issues › the-montreal-protocol-on-substances-that-deplete-the-ozone-layer

https://www.state.gov › key-topics-office-of-environmental-quality-and-transboundary-issues › the-montreal-protocol-on-substances-that-deplete-the-ozone-layer
The Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
The Montreal Protocol, finalized in 1987, is a global agreement to protect the stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS). The Montreal Protocol has proven to be innovative and successful, and is the first treaty to achieve universal ratification by all countries in the world. Leveraging this worldwide participation, the Montreal Protocol has spurred global investment in alternative technologies, many developed by U.S …
Department Reports and Publications
Department Reports and Publications – The Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
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Disarming Disinformation
On July 5, the United States, along with Canada and the Chairperson of the International Partnership against Impunity for the Use of Chemical Weapons, co-hosted an event showing the award-winning documentary Navalny.The event highlighted the compelling evidence revealing Russia’s responsibility in the poisoning of Mr. Aleksey Navalny with a chemical weapon.
United States Department of State
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https://www.unep.org › ozonaction › who-we-are › about-montreal-protocol

https://www.unep.org › ozonaction › who-we-are › about-montreal-protocol
About Montreal Protocol – Ozonaction
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that regulates the production and consumption of nearly 100 man-made chemicals referred to as ozone depleting substances (ODS). When released to the atmosphere, those chemicals damage the stratospheric ozone layer, Earth’s protective shield that protects humans and the environment from harmful levels of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Adopted on 16 September 1987, the …

https://www.britannica.com › event › Montreal-Protocol

https://www.britannica.com › event › Montreal-Protocol
Montreal Protocol | Definition, Timeline, & Facts | Britannica
Montreal Protocol, formally Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, international treaty, adopted in Montreal on September 16, 1987, that aimed to regulate the production and use of chemicals that contribute to the depletion of Earth’s ozone layer. Initially signed by 46 countries, the treaty now has nearly 200 signatories. In the early 1970s, American chemists F. Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina theorized that chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds combine with solar …

https://www.epa.gov › ozone-layer-protection › international-actions-montreal-protocol-substances-deplete-ozone-layer

https://www.epa.gov › ozone-layer-protection › international-actions-montreal-protocol-substances-deplete-ozone-layer
International Actions – The Montreal Protocol on Substances that …
The international treaty called The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (Montreal Protocol) is gradually eliminating the production and consumption of ozone depleting substances to limit their damage to the earth’s ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol is signed by 197 countries – the first treaty in the history of the United Nations to achieve universal ratification – and is considered by many the most successful environmental global action.

https://collegedunia.com › exams › montreal-protocol-successes-significance-ozone-depletion-biology-articleid-800

https://collegedunia.com › exams › montreal-protocol-successes-significance-ozone-depletion-biology-articleid-800
Montreal Protocol: Successes, Significance and Ozone Depletion
The Montreal protocol is the most successful agreement worldwide as it was evidently successful for reduction of ODSs concentration in the atmosphere and ozone layer recovery. It is expected that by the mid of this century ozone layer will be recovered and substantial changes may be observed in greenhouse gas concentration and global surface temperature fall.

https://www.worldbank.org › en › topic › climatechange › brief › montreal-protocol

https://www.worldbank.org › en › topic › climatechange › brief › montreal-protocol
Montreal Protocol – World Bank
The World Bank-China Montreal Protocol partnership alone has, since 1991 phased-out the consumption and production of more than 219,000 tons of ozone-depleting substances from sectors as diverse as refrigeration, air-conditioning, foam manufacturing, aerosol production and fire extinguishing. The carbon-dioxide equivalent avoided by these achievements equals 885 million tons, the same as taking 184 million-some cars off the roads.

https://www.dcceew.gov.au › environment › protection › ozone › montreal-protocol

https://www.dcceew.gov.au › environment › protection › ozone › montreal-protocol
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (the Montreal Protocol) is an international agreement made in 1987. It was designed to stop the production and import of ozone depleting substances and reduce their concentration in the atmosphere to help protect the earth’s ozone layer.

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Montreal_Protocol

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Montreal_Protocol
Montreal Protocol – Wikipedia
The main objective of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol is to assist developing country parties to the Montreal Protocol whose annual per capita consumption and production of ozone depleting substances (ODS) is less than 0.3 kg to comply with the control measures of the Protocol. Currently, 147 of the 196 Parties to the Montreal Protocol meet these criteria (they are referred to as Article 5 countries).

https://www.nationalgeographic.com › science › article › montreal-protocol-ozone-treaty-30-climate-change-hcfs-hfcs

https://www.nationalgeographic.com › science › article › montreal-protocol-ozone-treaty-30-climate-change-hcfs-hfcs
30 Years Old, the Montreal Protocol Saved the Ozone Layer … – Science
Turning 30 this month, the Montreal Protocol was a landmark environmental success that serves as a model for addressing other problems, although it also has some unfinished business.

https://www.canada.ca › en › environment-climate-change › corporate › international-affairs › partnerships-organizations › ozone-layer-depletion-montreal-convention.html

https://www.canada.ca › en › environment-climate-change › corporate › international-affairs › partnerships-organizations › ozone-layer-depletion-montreal-convention.html
Ozone layer depletion: Montreal Protocol – Canada.ca
Since 1987, the Montreal Protocol has been repeatedly strengthened by controlling additional ODS (now totalling 165), advancing the dates by which already controlled substances must be phased out, and establishing phase-out schedules for developing country-Parties. In 2016, Parties agreed to add HFCs to the control regime of the Montreal Protocol through the Kigali Amendment. HFCs do not deplete the ozone layer, but are powerful GHGs used as alternatives to ODS phased out under the Protocol …

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