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which virus causes smallpox ?

**Which Virus Causes Smallpox?**

Smallpox is a highly contagious and sometimes deadly disease that has been devastating humanity for thousands of years. But what causes this feared illness? The answer is simple: it’s the variola virus, a member of the orthopoxvirus family. In this article, we’ll delve into the world of smallpox, exploring its history, symptoms, and the mysterious virus that causes it.

**A Brief History of Smallpox**

Smallpox is an ancient disease, believed to have emerged around 3000 BC. It’s been responsible for millions of deaths throughout history, causing widespread panic and devastation. The disease was eradicated after a global vaccination campaign led by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 1980s. Before its eradication, smallpox was a leading cause of death, with a mortality rate of up to 30%.

**The Variola Virus**

The variola virus is a double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the orthopoxvirus family, which also includes other viruses like cowpox and monkeypox. The virus is highly infectious and can spread from person to person through direct contact with saliva, mucus, or skin lesions. It’s also possible to contract the virus by coming into contact with contaminated objects or surfaces.

**Symptoms of Smallpox**

The symptoms of smallpox typically begin within 10-15 days of infection and include:

* A high fever
* Fatigue
* A characteristic rash, which starts as small red spots and gradually develops into pus-filled sores
* A feeling of weakness and malaise

**Prevention and Treatment**

Smallpox was eradicated through a global vaccination campaign, which involved administering the smallpox vaccine to millions of people worldwide. The vaccine was developed by using a weakened form of the cowpox virus, which is a close relative of the variola virus. Today, there is no licensed treatment for smallpox, but the vaccine remains the most effective way to prevent the disease.

**Conclusion**

Smallpox is a formidable disease that has taken the lives of millions of people throughout history. But thanks to the tireless efforts of scientists and public health officials, the disease has been eradicated. By understanding the variola virus and how it spreads, we can better appreciate the importance of global vaccination efforts and our continued vigilance against the threat of smallpox.

**Sources**

* World Health Organization (WHO). (2022). Smallpox. Retrieved from
* Mayo Clinic. (2022). Smallpox. Retrieved from
* Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2022). Smallpox. Retrieved from
* Wikipedia. (2022). Smallpox. Retrieved from