why do body cells require oxygen ?

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why do body cells require oxygen ?

Body cells require oxygen for a vital process called cellular respiration. This process is essentially how your cells turn the food you eat (glucose) into usable energy (ATP) to power all your bodily functions. Here’s a breakdown of why oxygen is crucial:

The Role of Oxygen in Cellular Respiration:

Cellular respiration happens in two main stages:

1. Glycolysis: This stage occurs in the cytoplasm (fluid inside the cell) and doesn’t require oxygen. Glucose is broken down into a simpler molecule called pyruvate, and a small amount of ATP is produced.
2. Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport Chain: These stages occur in the mitochondria (the cell’s powerhouse) and do require oxygen. Pyruvate from glycolysis enters the mitochondria, where it’s further broken down through a series of reactions. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in this process.

Why Oxygen is Essential:

• Energy Production: The reactions in the mitochondria with oxygen generate significantly more ATP compared to glycolysis alone. This is why cellular respiration is much more efficient at producing energy than just glycolysis.
• Complete Breakdown of Glucose: Without oxygen, pyruvate can’t be fully broken down in the citric acid cycle. This leads to a process called fermentation, which produces less ATP and lactic acid (the burning sensation you feel during exercise).

Consequences of Oxygen Deprivation:

If your cells don’t receive enough oxygen, cellular respiration becomes limited. This can lead to several issues:

• Reduced Energy Production: Cells struggle to produce sufficient ATP, impacting all bodily functions that require energy.
• Organ Damage: Organs with high energy demands, like the brain and heart, are particularly vulnerable to oxygen deprivation. This can lead to cell death and organ damage.
• Cellular Stress: Low oxygen levels can trigger cellular stress responses, potentially leading to cell death or long-term health problems.

In summary, body cells require oxygen for efficient energy production through cellular respiration. Oxygen acts as a key component in the process, allowing cells to extract the maximum energy from the food we consume.

Liens utiles:

https://kidadl.com/facts/why-do-cells-need-oxygen-cellular-respiration-explained

https://kidadl.com/facts/why-do-cells-need-oxygen-cellular-respiration-explained
Why Do Cells Need Oxygen? Cellular Respiration Explained
Cells require oxygen to carry out aerobic cellular respiration, which again is a collection of three processes. It all starts with glycolysis, which literally means ‘sugar splitting.’ This stage can proceed without oxygen, but the yield of ATP will be minimal.

https://sciencing.com/do-body-cells-do-oxygen-6388828.html

https://sciencing.com/do-body-cells-do-oxygen-6388828.html
What Do Our Body Cells Do With Oxygen? | Sciencing
Oxygen is important to the third step of the aerobic cellular respiration cycle. During this step, electron transport molecules carry electrons to the cells, where they are harvested and used for ATP production. After the electrons are used, they combine with oxygen and hydrogen to form water and are eliminated from the .

https://www.khanacademy.org / science / ap-biology / cellular-energetics / cellular-respiration-ap / a / oxidative-phosphorylation-etc

https://www.khanacademy.org / science / ap-biology / cellular-energetics / cellular-respiration-ap / a / oxidative-phosphorylation-etc
Oxidative phosphorylation | Biology (article) | Khan Academy
As it turns out, the reason you need oxygen is so your cells can use this molecule during oxidative phosphorylation, the final stage of cellular respiration. Oxidative phosphorylation is made up of two closely connected components: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK54112

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK54112
The Circulatory System and Oxygen Transport – Regulation of Tissue …
The cardiovascular or circulatory system is designed to ensure the survival of all cells of the body at every moment and it does this by maintaining the immediate chemical environment of each cell in the body (i.e., the interstitial fluid) at a composition appropriate for that cell’s normal function. The term homeostasis is used to denote the approximate constancy of the internal …

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538336

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538336
Physiology, Oxygen Transport – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
14 nov. 2022Oxygen is essential for ATP generation through oxidative phosphorylation, and therefore must be reliably delivered to all metabolically active cells in the body. [1] [2] In the setting of hypoxia or low blood oxygen levels, irreversible tissue damage can rapidly occur.

https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/the-need-for-supplemental-oxygen

https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/the-need-for-supplemental-oxygen
The Need For Supplemental Oxygen – UCSF Health
The body needs enough oxygen to keep the blood adequately saturated, so that cells and tissues get enough oxygen to function properly. Furthermore, cells and tissues can neither save up nor catch up on oxygen — they need a constant supply.

https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/1-4-requirements-for-human-life

https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/1-4-requirements-for-human-life
1.4 Requirements for Human Life – Anatomy and Physiology 2e – OpenStax
Brain cells are especially sensitive to lack of oxygen because of their requirement for a high-and-steady production of ATP. Brain damage is likely within five minutes without oxygen, and death is likely within ten minutes. Nutrients A nutrient is a substance in foods and beverages that is essential to human survival.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-energy-and-transport/hs-cellular-respiration/a/hs-cellular-respiration-review

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-energy-and-transport/hs-cellular-respiration/a/hs-cellular-respiration-review
Cellular respiration review (article) | Khan Academy
The eukaryotic cell structure where cellular respiration occurs: Cytoplasm: The contents of a cell between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope; includes cytosol which is the jelly-like substance that fills the space between organelles: Aerobic: Process that requires oxygen: Anaerobic: Process that does not : Fermentation

https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anatomy_and_Physiology/Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Boundless)/21:_Respiratory_System/21.1:_Overview_of_the_Respiratory_System/21.1A:_The_Reason_for_Breathing

https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anatomy_and_Physiology/Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Boundless)/21:_Respiratory_System/21.1:_Overview_of_the_Respiratory_System/21.1A:_The_Reason_for_Breathing
21.1A: The Reason for Breathing – Medicine LibreTexts
17 janv. 2023Breathing is the process that moves air in and out of the lungs of terrestrial vertebrates, to take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. Aerobic organisms require oxygen to release energy via respiration, in the form of metabolized, energy-rich molecules such as glucose. Another key role of respiration is to maintain proper blood pH —too much …

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34918410

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34918410
Why do cells need oxygen? Insights from mitochondrial … – PubMed
The varied architecture and distribution of components in mitochondria validate DRS as (i) the coupling agent of oxidative reactions and phosphorylations, and (ii) the primary reason for manifestation of TMP in steady-state. Explorations along the new precepts stand to provide greater insights on mitochondrial function and pathophysiology.
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