who said that curriculum consists of four elements ?

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who said that curriculum consists of four elements ?

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https://www.britannica.com/place/Tokyo

cheryldcalhoun.com/2014/09/24/tylers-four-elements-of-curriculum-and-instruction
Tyler’s Four Elements of Curriculum and Instruction
For this he proposes three main criteria which include continuity, sequence and integration. In addition he discusses the elements to be organized, organizing principles, the organizing structure and a process for planning a unit of instruction (Tyler, 1949). Evaluating the effectiveness of these learning experiences.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curriculum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curriculum
Curriculum – Wikipedia
A 52-week curriculum for a medical school, showing the courses for the different levels. In education, a curriculum (/ k ə ˈ r ɪ k j ʊ l ə m /; pl.: curriculums or curricula / k ə ˈ r ɪ k j ʊ l ə /) is broadly defined as the totality of student experiences that occur in the educational process. The term often refers specifically to a planned sequence of instruction, or to a view of …

https://www.sagepub.com / sites / default / files / upm-binaries / 44334_1.pdf

https://www.sagepub.com / sites / default / files / upm-binaries / 44334_1.pdf
PDF CHAPTER 1 The Nature of Curriculum – SAGE Publications Inc
overview of the curriculum field and a set of concepts for analyzing the field. To accom-plish these related goals, the discussion that follows focuses on these outcomes: defining the concept of curriculum, examining the several types of curricula, describing the con-trasting nature of curriculum components, and analyzing the hidden …

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/curriculum-theory

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/curriculum-theory
Curriculum Theory – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Curriculum Theory. D. Scott, in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2001 The curriculum is defined as programs of teaching and learning which take place in formal settings. The four dimensions of curriculum theory are aims or objectives, content or subject matter, methods or procedures, and evaluation or assessment. The first dimension refers to the reasons for …

https://www.doe.mass.edu/acls/frameworks/components.html

https://www.doe.mass.edu/acls/frameworks/components.html
Components of Curriculum – Adult and Community Learning Services (ACLS)
The curriculum development process consists of four tasks: design. implementation, including. formative and summative assessment to determine whether students learned what was taught. a curriculum review to determine whether or not the curriculum needs adjustment to improve student outcomes.

https://infed.org/curriculum-theory-and-practice

https://infed.org/curriculum-theory-and-practice
What is curriculum? Exploring theory and practice – infed.org:
In what follows we are going to look at four ways of approaching curriculum theory and practice: 1. Curriculum as a body of knowledge to be transmitted. 2. Curriculum as an attempt to achieve certain ends in students – product. 3. Curriculum as process. 4. Curriculum as praxis.

https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/47669_ch_1.pdf

https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/47669_ch_1.pdf
PDF Introduction to the Curriculum Ideologies – SAGE Publications Inc
issues has made systematic improvement of the curriculum difficult. Each of the four visions of curriculum embodies distinct beliefs about the type of knowledge that should be taught in schools, the inherent nature of children, what school learning consists of, how teachers should instruct children, and how children should be assessed.

https://www.britannica.com/place/Japan

www.nationalforum.com/Electronic Journal Volumes/Lunenburg, Fred C. Theorizing about Curriculum IJSAID V13 N1 2011.pdf
PDF Theorizing about Curriculum: Conceptions and Definitions – National Forum
Most textbooks on curriculum and many treatises on educational theory have offered a particular conception of the curriculum. Many of these conceptions have contained similar elements. Some authors refer to the curriculum as a formal course of study, emphasizing content or subject matter. Others define the as the totality

https://oer.pressbooks.pub/curriculumessentials/chapter/chapter-1-defining-curriculum-and-the-role-of-open-educational-resources

https://oer.pressbooks.pub/curriculumessentials/chapter/chapter-1-defining-curriculum-and-the-role-of-open-educational-resources
Defining Curriculum and the Role of Open Educational Resources …
Curriculum may refer to the range of courses from which students choose, the subject areas, or specific learning programs that include teaching, learning, and assessments for a course of study. Curriculum may also described as curriculum guides by teachers and administrators, and the work plans. (English, 2000).

https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000243975

https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000243975
What makes a quality curriculum? – UNESCO
We thus argue that curriculum lies at the crossroads of these four key aspects of SDG 4: that education should be (1) inclusive and equitable, (2) characterized by quality learning, (3) promoting lifelong learning, and (4) relevant to holistic development.
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