what and where are the ionosphere and exosphere ?

Description

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionosphere

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionosphere
Ionosphere – Wikipedia
The ionosphere ( / aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər /) [1] [2] is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, [3] a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation.

https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/atmosphere/layers-earths-atmosphere

https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/atmosphere/layers-earths-atmosphere
Layers of Earth’s Atmosphere | Center for Science Education
Layers of Earth’s Atmosphere Earth’s atmosphere is composed of a series of layers, each with its own specific traits. Moving upward from ground level, these layers are called the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The exosphere gradually fades away into the realm of interplanetary space.

https://spaceplace.nasa.gov / ionosphere / en

https://spaceplace.nasa.gov / ionosphere / en
Ionosphere | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
Il y a 3 joursThe Short Answer: What is the ionosphere? The ionosphere is a very active part of the atmosphere, and it grows and shrinks depending on the energy it absorbs from the Sun. The name ionosphere comes from the fact that gases in these layers are excited by solar radiation to form ions, which have an electrical charge. The active, changing layer

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/parts-atmosphere

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/parts-atmosphere
Parts of the Atmosphere – National Geographic Society
19 oct. 2023The ionosphere is named for ions created by energetic particles from sunlight and outer space. Ions are atoms in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons, giving the atom a positive (fewer electrons than protons) or negative (more electrons than protons) charge.

https://www.noaa.gov/jetstream/atmosphere/layers-of-atmosphere

https://www.noaa.gov/jetstream/atmosphere/layers-of-atmosphere
Layers of the Atmosphere – National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2 janv. 2024Exosphere. This is the outermost layer of the atmosphere. It extends from about 375 miles (600 km) to 6,200 miles (10,000 km) above the earth. In this layer, atoms and molecules escape into space and satellites orbit the earth. At the bottom of the exosphere is a transition layer called the thermopause.

https://science.nasa.gov/earth/10-things-to-know-about-the-ionosphere

https://science.nasa.gov/earth/10-things-to-know-about-the-ionosphere
10 Things to Know About the Ionosphere – NASA Science
The ionosphere is where Earth’s atmosphere meets space The ionosphere stretches roughly 50 to 400 miles above Earth’s surface, right at the edge of space. Along with the neutral upper atmosphere, the ionosphere forms the boundary between Earth’s lower atmosphere — where we live and breathe — and the vacuum of space.

https://sciencenotes.org/layers-of-the-atmosphere

https://sciencenotes.org/layers-of-the-atmosphere
Layers of the Atmosphere – Science Notes and Projects
3 mai 2022Layers of the Atmosphere This entry was posted on May 3, 2022 by Anne Helmenstine (updated on April 1, 2023) The 5 layers of the atmosphere are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. There are five layers of the atmosphere and several secondary layers.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-environmental-science/x0b0e430a38ebd23f:earth-systems-and-resources/x0b0e430a38ebd23f:earths-air-and-water/a/earth-s-atmosphere

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-environmental-science/x0b0e430a38ebd23f:earth-systems-and-resources/x0b0e430a38ebd23f:earths-air-and-water/a/earth-s-atmosphere
Earth’s atmosphere (article) | Khan Academy
Exosphere: The exosphere is the highest layer of Earth’s atmosphere, where there is an extremely low density of gas molecules. These molecules often escape into space. Earth’s atmospheric layers are distinguished by having temperatures that either increase or decrease with altitude.

https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/atmosphere/ionosphere

https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/atmosphere/ionosphere
The Ionosphere | Center for Science Education
Earth’s atmosphere contains a series of regions that have a relatively large number of electrically charged atoms and molecules. As a group, these regions are collectively called the ionosphere. High-energy X-rays and ultraviolet (UV) light from the Sun are constantly colliding with gas molecules and atoms in Earth’s upper atmosphere.

https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/earths-atmospheric-layers-3

https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/earths-atmospheric-layers-3
Earth’s Atmospheric Layers – NASA
The ionosphere is an abundant layer of electrons and ionized atoms and molecules that stretches from about 48 kilometers (30 miles) above the surface to the edge of space at about 965 km (600 mi), overlapping into the mesosphere and thermosphere. … Exosphere This is the upper limit of our atmosphere. It extends from the top of the … lesoutrali bot