how are vocs formed ?

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https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/technical-overview-volatile-organic-compounds

Technical Overview of Volatile Organic Compounds | Indoor …
https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/technical-overview-volatile-organic-compounds
In the United States, emissions of VOCs to the outdoors are regulated by EPA mostly to prevent the formation of ozone, a constituent of photochemical smog. Many VOCs form ground-level ozone by reacting with sources of oxygen molecules such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO) in the atmosphere in the presence of sunlight. However, only some VOCs are considered reactive enough to be of concern. VOCs that are non-reactive or of negligible reactivity to form ozone …

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound

Volatile organic compound – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound
Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are organic chemicals that have a high vapour pressure at room temperature.High vapor pressure correlates with a low boiling point, which relates to the number of the sample’s molecules in the surrounding air, a trait known as volatility.. VOC’s are responsible for the odor of scents and perfumes as well as pollutants.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemical-engineering/volatile-organic-compounds

Volatile Organic Compounds – an overview | ScienceDirect …
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemical-engineering/volatile-organic-compounds
VOCs are also emitted from oil and gas fields and diesel exhaust. Additional sources of release are paints, glues, and other products that are used and stored at home and at work. VOCs when combined with nitrogen oxides react to form ground-level ozone, or smog, which contributes to climate change. Gasoline, benzene, formaldehyde, toluene, xylene, styrene, and perchloroethylene (or tetrachloroethylene used in dry cleaning) are also rich sources of VOCs. Irritation to skin and eye …

https://msc.ul.com/en/resources/article/volatile-organic-compounds-vocs-a-brief-regulatory-overview/

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): A Brief Regulatory …
https://msc.ul.com/en/resources/article/volatile-organic-compounds-vocs-a-brief-regulatory-overview/
What are Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)? Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) are chemicals that vaporize (become a gas) at room temperature, and are the leading cause of ground-level air pollution (also known as smog). VOCs react with nitrogen oxides – particularly on hot summer days – to form smog. Common sources of VOC emission include car exhausts, gasoline-powered lawn and garden equipment, gasoline dispensing stations, industrial coatings, inks, printing shops …

https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/volatile-organic-compounds-vocs

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) – USGS
https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/volatile-organic-compounds-vocs
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are chemicals that both vaporize into air and dissolve in water. VOCs are pervasive in daily life, because they’re used in industry, agriculture, transportation, and day-to-day activities around the home. Once released into groundwater, many VOCs are persistent and can migrate to drinking-water supply wells.

https://molekule.science/where-why-what-volatile-organic-compounds/

The Where, Why, and What of Volatile Organic Compounds …
https://molekule.science/where-why-what-volatile-organic-compounds/
Indoors, VOCs may be released into the air by household or office products including personal care items, glue, air fresheners and printers. VOCs are also frequently produced from the off-gassing of building materials such as wood, carpet, and paint. The level of VOCs found indoors can vary significantly depending on the activities of the occupants and their use of products that emits VOCs. However, studies have found that the level of VOCs averages

https://www.thecmmgroup.com/vocs-impact-environment/

Discover How VOCs Impact the Environment and Human Health

Volatile Organic Compounds Environmental Impact

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are created when toxic chemicals vaporize and form harmful gases. Natural events like wildfires release large quantities of VOCs every year. However, industrial operations and other man-made processes contribute a significant percentage to the planet’s overall VOC emissions.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28692895/

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) source profiles of on …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28692895/
An opening and interactive database of VOCs from vehicle emissions was critically essential in future, and mechanisms of sharing and inputting relative research results should be formed to encourage researchers join the database establishment. Correspondingly, detailed quality assurance and quality control procedures were also very important, which included the information of test vehicles and test methods as detailed as possible. Based on the community above, a better uncertainty analysis …

https://foobot.io/guides/how-does-volatile-organic-compounds-affect-the-environment.php

How does volatile organic compounds concentration affect …
https://foobot.io/guides/how-does-volatile-organic-compounds-affect-the-environment.php
Normally, ozone or O3 is naturally formed high up in the atmosphere (stratosphere) when O2 molecules are separated into individual oxygen particles by UV radiation. These free oxygen particles then collide with other O2 molecules to become ozone (6). In the form of ozone, they absorb UV rays. Here is an example of how ozone is made: O + O2 = O3

https://foobot.io/guides/volatile-organic-compounds-unit-of-measure.php

The Unit of Measure of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
https://foobot.io/guides/volatile-organic-compounds-unit-of-measure.php
The two most commonly used methods for VOC statistical analysis are Flame Ionisation Detection and Photo Ionisation Detection. Both methods measure the number of chemicals in the air on the assumption that most organic vapors produce positively charged carbon ions when they combust (1).