why overall pit slope necessary ?

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https://mapasyst.extension.org/what-is-slope-and-why-is-it-important/

What is slope, and why is it important? – Geospatial …

What is slope, and why is it important?

Slope is an important landscape metric. Some examples of its applications include: – to help describe landforms, – to model surface runoff, – to characterize habitat, – to classify soils, – to assess the potential for development, and – to model wildfire risk. Categories Geospatial technology Tags aspect, elevation, geospatial …

https://www.rocscience.com/documents/pdfs/rocnews/april2002/GolderArticle.pdf

PDF Slope Stability Analysis for Open Pits 1
https://www.rocscience.com/documents/pdfs/rocnews/april2002/GolderArticle.pdf
Analyses of a deep wall in an open pit mine in the Peruvian Andes are used to compare limit equilibrium methods (SLIDE) with distinct element methods (UDEC) when the stability is controlled by rock mass strength. The pit wall has an overall slope angle of 37º and a height of 600 metres with an inter-ramp angle of 45º.

https://file.scirp.org/pdf/ENG20110900013_70408184.pdf

PDF Design of Overall Slope Angle and Analysis of Rock Slope …
https://file.scirp.org/pdf/ENG20110900013_70408184.pdf
rupture is one of most important parts of rock and soil slopes analysis, so that importance of this issue in open pit mine activities and road cuttings are observable and un- derstandable [2]. This study tries to apply not only ranking system, but also other empirical methods in determination of bench slope and overall steep of the slope in …

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On-base_percentage

Overall Slope Angle vs. Interramp Slope Angle | Mining …
www.mininguniversity.com/2011/08/overall-slope-angle-vs-interramp-slope.html
When the formal definition of ‘overall slope angle’ is applied, the measured angle will change slightly for each additional bench. The source of this dynamic relationship is the fact that the ‘overall slope angle’ is equal to the ‘interramp slope angle’ less one bench width. For a single bench this difference can be very large.

https://www.slideshare.net/hzharraz/surface-mining-planning-and-design-of-open-pit-mining

Surface mining planning and design of open pit mining
https://www.slideshare.net/hzharraz/surface-mining-planning-and-design-of-open-pit-mining
So the overall pit slope is lesser the inter-ramp slope. In the example, almost 50% more tonnage must be moved to mine the same pit bottom. In the early design of a pit a lesser pit slope can be used to allow for the road system. The pit in Fig. 5 was designed with an overall slope of 380. The overall slope to use will depend on the width …

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705812045055

Slope Design and Implementation in Open Pit Mines …
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705812045055
Slopes in open pit mines must be considered as geotechnical structures. Therefore their design and implementation must be conducted with all consideration including technical, economical, environmental and safety issues.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLYq4aeCzgo

Overall Slope angle| Surface mining| Numericals and Tricks …

Overall Slope angle, Concept of overall slope angle with numericals, General mistakes in calculating overall slope angle. how to calculate overall slope angl…

https://library.fangraphs.com/offense/obp/

Overall Slope Angle vs Interramp Slope Angle – Revisited …
www.mininguniversity.com/2012/05/overall-slope-angle-vs-interramp-slope.html
When measured over two benches the overall slope angle (blue) is much steeper than the overall slope angle measured over 5 benches (magenta). The overall slope angle becomes more shallow with each bench because each bench adds a fixed offset in addition to the offset due to the face angle.

https://kuchling.com/13-pit-wall-angles-and-bench-width-how-do-they-relate/

Pit Wall Angles and Bench Width – How Do They Relate?

Pit Wall Angles and Bench Widths – How Do They Relate?

In some pit designs a large bench is introduced periodically, e.g. every 120m-180m in height, which acts as another means with which to catch ravelling rock. Conclusion The bottom line is that the inter-ramp angle can be achieved in different ways depending on various components of the slope profile.

https://people.eng.unimelb.edu.au/stsy/geomechanics_text/Ch11_Slope.pdf

PDF 11. the Stability of Slopes
https://people.eng.unimelb.edu.au/stsy/geomechanics_text/Ch11_Slope.pdf
11-8 (c) Rφ which is the frictional force acting around the arc. This force is normal to the force N’, has a magnitude equal to N’ tan φ’/F where φ’ is the effective angle of shearing resistance, but the line of action of this force R φ is unknown. U, the pore pressure force,